For applications that require a better reference voltage or a common reference voltage for multiple devices, the device provides a provision to use an external reference source along with an internal buffer to drive the ADC reference pin. In order to select the external reference mode, the INTREF_DIS bit of the RANGE_SEL_REG register must be programmed to logic 1. In this mode, an external 4.096-V reference must be applied at the REFIO pin, which functions as an input. Any low-power, low-drift, or small-size external reference can be used in this mode because the internal buffer is optimally designed to handle the dynamic loading on the REFCAP pin that is internally connected to the ADC reference input. The output of the external reference must be appropriately filtered to minimize the resulting effect of the reference noise on system performance. A typical connection diagram for this mode is shown in Figure 7-14.

Figure 7-14 Device Connections for Using an External 4.096-V Reference

The output of the internal reference buffer appears at the REFCAP pin. A minimum capacitance of 10 µF must be placed between the REFCAP and REFGND pins. Place another capacitor of 1 µF as close to the REFCAP pin as possible for decoupling high-frequency signals. Do not use the internal buffer to drive external ac or dc loads because of the limited current output capability of this buffer.

The performance of the internal buffer output is very stable across the entire operating temperature range of –40°C to +125°C. Figure 7-15 (for the PW package) and Figure 7-17 (for the RUM package) show the variation in the REFCAP output across temperature for different values of the AVDD supply voltage. The typical specified value of the reference buffer drift over temperature is 0.5 ppm/°C, as shown in Figure 7-16 (for the PW package) and Figure 7-18 (for the RUM package), and the maximum specified temperature drift is equal to 2 ppm/°C.

Figure 7-15 Reference Buffer Output (REFCAP) Variation vs Supply and Temperature (PW Package)

Figure 7-17 Reference Buffer Output (REFCAP) Variation vs Supply and Temperature (RUM Package )

AVDD = 5 V, number of devices = 30, ΔT = –40°C to +125°C

Figure 7-16 Reference Buffer Temperature Drift Histogram (PW Package)

WQFN (RUM) package, AVDD = 5 V, number of devices = 30, ΔT = –40°C to +125°C

Figure 7-18 Reference Buffer Temperature Drift Histogram (RUM Package )