The INAx191 supports linear current-sensing operation with the output close to the supply rail and ground. The maximum specified output swing to the positive rail is V_S – 40 mV, and the maximum specified output swing to GND is only GND + 1 mV with –10 mV of differential overdrive. For cases where the sense current is zero, the swing to ground is determined by the zero current output specification. The value of the zero current output voltage can differ from the specified value depending on the common-mode voltage, supply voltage, and output load. The close-to-rail output swing maximizes the usable output range, particularly when operating the device from a 1.8-V supply.