The input circuitry of the device can accurately measure signals on common-mode voltages beyond the power-supply voltage, VS. For example, the voltage applied to the VS power-supply pin can be 5 V, whereas the load power-supply voltage being monitored (the common-mode voltage) can be as high as 36 V. Note also that the device can withstand the full 0-V to 36-V range at the input pins, regardless of whether the device has power applied or not. Power-supply bypass capacitors are required for stability and must be placed as closely as possible to the supply and ground pins of the device. A typical value for this supply bypass capacitor is 0.1 μF. Applications with noisy or high-impedance power supplies can require additional decoupling capacitors to reject power-supply noise.