The following operation description of the LM76005-Q1 refers to Section 7.2 and to the waveforms in Figure 7-1. The LM76005-Q1 supplies a regulated output voltage by turning on the internal high-side (HS) and low-side (LS) NMOS switches with varying duty cycle (D). During high-side switch on-time, t_ON, the SW pin voltage V_SW swings up to approximately V_IN, and the inductor current, i_L, increases with linear slope. The HS switch is turned off by the control logic. During the HS switch off-time, t_OFF, the LS switch is turned on. Inductor current discharges through the LS switch, which forces the V_SW to swing below ground by the voltage drop across the LS switch. The regulator loop adjusts the duty cycle to maintain a constant output voltage. The control parameter of a buck converter is defined as duty cycle D = t_ON / T_SW. In an ideal buck converter, where losses are ignored, D is proportional to the output voltage and inversely proportional to the input voltage: D = V_OUT / V_IN.

Figure 7-1 SW Node and Inductor Current Waveforms in Continuous Conduction Mode

The LM76005-Q1 synchronous buck converter employs peak current-mode control topology. A voltage-feedback loop is used to get accurate DC-voltage regulation by adjusting the peak current command based on voltage offset. The peak inductor current is sensed from the HS switch and compared to the peak current to control the on-time of the HS switch. The voltage feedback loop is internally compensated, which allows for fewer external components, makes it easy to design, and provides stable operation with almost any combination of output capacitors. The regulator operates with fixed switching frequency in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). At very light load, the LM76005-Q1 operates in PFM to maintain high efficiency, and the switching frequency decreases with reduced load current.