10.2.2 Managing the Bootstrap Voltage

In a synchronous buck, totem-pole PFC, or other converter where the low-side switch occasionally operates in third-quadrant mode, it is important to consider the bootstrap supply. During the dead time, the bootstrap supply charges through a path that includes the third-quadrant voltage drop of the low-side LMG341xR150. This third-quadrant drop can be large, which may over-charge the bootstrap supply in certain conditions. The V_DD supply of LMG341xR150 must not exceed 18 V in bootstrap operation.

Figure 7. Charging Path for Bootstrap Diode

The recommended bootstrap supply connection includes a bootstrap diode and a series resistor with an optional zener as shown in Figure 8. The series resistor limits the charging current at startup and when the low-side device is operating in third-quadrant mode. This resistor must be chosen to allow sufficient current to power the LMG341xR150 at the desired operating frequency. At 100 kHz operation, a value of approximately 5.1 ohms is recommended. At higher frequencies, this resistor value should be reduced or the resistor omitted entirely to ensure sufficient supply current.

Figure 8. Suggested Bootstrap Regulation Circuit

Using a series resistor with the bootstrap supply will create a charging time constant in conjunction with the bypass capacitance on the order of a microsecond. When the dead time, or third-quadrant conduction time, is much lower than this time constant, the bootstrap voltage will be well-controlled and the optional zener clamp in Figure 8 will not be necessary. If a large deadtime is needed, a 14-V zener diode can be used in parallel with the V_DD bypass capacitor to prevent damaging the high-side LMG341xR150.