None of the required output capacitance is contained within the module. At a minimum, the output capacitor must meet the worst-case RMS current rating of 0.5 × I_{LR P-P}, as calculated in Equation 19. Beyond that, additional capacitance will reduce output ripple so long as the ESR is low enough to permit it. A minimum value of 10 μF is generally required. Experimentation will be required if attempting to operate with a minimum value. Low-ESR capacitors, such as ceramic and polymer electrolytic capacitors are recommended.