6.9.3 Oscillator and System Clock (Link to user's guide)

The clock system in the MSP430F522x and MSP430F521x family of devices is supported by the Unified Clock System (UCS) module, which includes support for a 32-kHz watch crystal oscillator (XT1 LF mode) (XT1 HF mode is not supported), an internal very-low-power low-frequency oscillator (VLO), an internal trimmed low-frequency oscillator (REFO), an integrated internal digitally controlled oscillator (DCO), and a high-frequency crystal oscillator (XT2). The UCS module is designed to meet the requirements of both low system cost and low power consumption. The UCS module features digital frequency locked loop (FLL) hardware that, in conjunction with a digital modulator, stabilizes the DCO frequency to a programmable multiple of the selected FLL reference frequency. The internal DCO provides a fast turnon clock source and stabilizes in 3.5 µs (typical). The UCS module provides the following clock signals:

• Auxiliary clock (ACLK), sourced from a 32-kHz watch crystal (XT1), a high-frequency crystal (XT2), the internal low-frequency oscillator (VLO), the trimmed low-frequency oscillator (REFO), or the internal digitally controlled oscillator DCO.
• Main clock (MCLK), the system clock used by the CPU. MCLK can be sourced by same sources made available to ACLK.
• Sub-Main clock (SMCLK), the subsystem clock used by the peripheral modules. SMCLK can be sourced by same sources made available to ACLK.
• ACLK/n, the buffered output of ACLK, ACLK/2, ACLK/4, ACLK/8, ACLK/16, ACLK/32.