The basic PCB board layout requires separation of sensitive signal and power paths. This checklist must be followed to get good performance for a well designed board.
- Use a combination of bulk capacitors and
smaller ceramic capacitors with low series impedance for the IN, OUT, and VBUS
capacitors. Place the smaller capacitors closer to the IC to provide a low impedance path
for high di/dt switching currents.
- Refer to Table 10-1 for suggested CIN values. Place the input bypass capacitors, CIN
and CIN_HF, as close to the IN and PGND pins as possible to minimize the loop
area for input switching current in buck operation. The CIN_HF capacitors
should be as close as possible - see Figure 10-4. The IN and PGND pins transverse the package and it is highly recommended to split
CIN and CIN_HF such that capacitors can be placed on either
side.
- Place the output filter capacitors,
COUT and COUT_HF, as close to the OUT and PGND pins as possible to
minimize the loop area for output switching current in boost operation. Refer to Table 10-1 for suggested COUT and COUT_HF values.
- Place the current sense resistor and filter components. RSNS,
RCSP, RCSN, and CFLT. Place the filter capacitor for the
current sense signal as close to the IC CSP and CSN/BUS as possible. Use Kelvin
connections between RSNS through the CSP and CSN resistors and to the CSP and
CSN/BUS pins to avoid creating offsets in the current sense amplifier. Avoid crossing
noisy areas such as SW1 and SW2 nodes. The recommended values in Table 10-2 provide a good starting point but may require some fine adjustment to meet PPS current
limit accuracy requirements. When deviating from recommended values, RCSP must
not be larger than 10 ohms. RCSN must be 0 ohms. CFLT should not be larger than
0.33 μF.
- Place CBUS between the
RSNS and the USB Type-C connector. See Table 10-1 for suggested CBUS values. .
- Place the CIN,
COUT, and CBUS ground connections as close as possible to the IC
with thick ground trace and/or planes on multiple layers.
- Minimize the SW1 and SW2 loop areas as these are high dv/dt nodes.
- Place the LDO_5V bypass capacitors,
C5V and C5V_HF close to the IC pin, between the LDO_5V and PGND
pins. A 4.7 µF and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors are typically used. LDO_5V supplies LDO_3V3
and LDO_1V5 as well as the low side buck and boost MOSFETs.
- Place the LDO_3V3 bypass capacitors, C3V3 and C3V3_HF close to the
IC pin, between the LDO_3V3 and AGND pins. A 4.7 µF and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors are
typically used. LDO_3V3 supplies the analog IO circuits.
- Place the LDO_1V5 bypass capacitors, C1V5 and C1V5_HF close to the
IC pin, between the LDO_1V5 and AGND pins. A 4.7 µF and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors are
typically used. LDO_3V3 supplies the Cortex M0 and digital circuits.
- Place the BOOT1 bootstrap capacitor close to the
IC and connect directly to the BOOT1 to SW1 pins. For EMI mitigation, a series resistor
RBOOT1 may be added.
- Place the BOOT2 bootstrap capacitor close to the
IC and connect directly to the BOOT2 to SW2 pins. For EMI mitigation, a series resistor
RBOOT2 may be added.
- Bypass the TVSP pin to PGND with a low ESR
ceramic capacitor, CTVSP located close to the IC. A 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor
is typically used. RTVSP_DAMP and CTVSP_DAMP should be added in
parallel close to CTVSP. 10 Ω and 0.47 μF are recommended values.
- Use care to separate the power and signal paths
so that no power or switching current flows through the AGND connections which can either
corrupt the USB PD modem or GPIO signals. The PGND and AGND traces can be connected near
the AGND pin.
- USB data lines, DP and DM should be differentially routed between the IC pins and USB
connector. Impedance control is based on the PCB stack-up. 90 Ω differential is
recommended. Route the DP and DM USB signals using a minimum of vias and corners which
will reduce signal reflections and impedance changes. When a via must be used, increase
the clearance size around it to minimize its capacitance. Each via introduces
discontinuities in the signal’s transmission line and increases the chance of picking up
interference from the other layers of the board. Be careful when designing test points on
twisted pair lines; through-hole pins are not recommended. When it becomes necessary to
turn 90°, use two 45° turns or an arc instead of making a single 90° turn. This reduces
reflections on the signal traces by minimizing impedance discontinuities. Avoid stubs on
the high-speed USB signals because they cause signal reflections. If a stub is
unavoidable, then the stub should be less than 200 mm.
- CC lines should be routed with a 10-mil trace to ensure the needed current for
supporting powered Type-C cables through VCONN. For more information on VCONN refer to the
Type-C specifications. For the 330 pF CC capacitor GND pins use a 16-mil trace if
possible.
- GPIO signals can be fanned out on the top or bottom layer using either a 8-mil or 10-mil
trace.