If the TSM36A is protecting the device, then during a surge event the voltage will rise to the breakdown of the diode at 37.8 V (minimum), the TSM36A will turn on and shunt the surge current to ground. With the low dynamic resistance of the TSM36A, large amounts of surge current will have some impact on the clamping voltage. The dynamic resistance of the TSM36A is around 0.5 Ω, which means 24 A of surge current will cause a voltage rise of 24 A × 0.5 Ω = 12 V. Because the device turns on at 37.8 V (minimum), the IO Link transceiver input will be exposed to 37.8 V + 12 V = 49.8 V during surge pulses, which is well within the absolute maximum voltage of the IO Link transceiver input pins (L+, L-, and CQ) and will protect the circuit. The small size of the device also improves fault protection by lowering the effect of fault current coupling onto neighboring traces. The small form factor of the SOT-23 package allows the device to be placed extremely close to the input connector, lowering the length of the fault current path through the system compared to larger protection solutions. Finally, the low leakage of the TSM36A will have low input power losses. The device will receive a maximum of 1 μA leakage at 36 V for a constant power dissipation of 36 μW; a small quantity that will minimally effect overall efficiency metrics and heating concerns.