SPRAA85E November   2005  – December 2017 SM320F2812 , SM320F2812-EP , TMS320F280021 , TMS320F280021-Q1 , TMS320F280023 , TMS320F280023-Q1 , TMS320F280023C , TMS320F280025 , TMS320F280025-Q1 , TMS320F280025C , TMS320F280025C-Q1 , TMS320F280040-Q1 , TMS320F280040C-Q1 , TMS320F280041 , TMS320F280041-Q1 , TMS320F280041C , TMS320F280041C-Q1 , TMS320F280045 , TMS320F280048-Q1 , TMS320F280048C-Q1 , TMS320F280049 , TMS320F280049-Q1 , TMS320F280049C , TMS320F280049C-Q1 , TMS320F2801 , TMS320F2801-Q1 , TMS320F2802 , TMS320F2802-Q1 , TMS320F28044 , TMS320F2806 , TMS320F2806-Q1 , TMS320F28062 , TMS320F28062-Q1 , TMS320F28062F , TMS320F28062F-Q1 , TMS320F28063 , TMS320F28064 , TMS320F28065 , TMS320F28066 , TMS320F28066-Q1 , TMS320F28067 , TMS320F28067-Q1 , TMS320F28068F , TMS320F28068M , TMS320F28069 , TMS320F28069-Q1 , TMS320F28069F , TMS320F28069F-Q1 , TMS320F28069M , TMS320F28069M-Q1 , TMS320F28075 , TMS320F28075-Q1 , TMS320F2808 , TMS320F2808-Q1 , TMS320F2809 , TMS320F2810 , TMS320F2810-Q1 , TMS320F2811 , TMS320F2811-Q1 , TMS320F2812 , TMS320F2812-Q1 , TMS320F28232 , TMS320F28232-Q1 , TMS320F28234 , TMS320F28234-Q1 , TMS320F28235 , TMS320F28235-Q1 , TMS320F28332 , TMS320F28333 , TMS320F28334 , TMS320F28335 , TMS320F28335-Q1 , TMS320F28374D , TMS320F28374S , TMS320F28375D , TMS320F28375S , TMS320F28375S-Q1 , TMS320F28376D , TMS320F28376S , TMS320F28377D , TMS320F28377D-EP , TMS320F28377D-Q1 , TMS320F28377S , TMS320F28377S-Q1 , TMS320F28379D , TMS320F28379D-Q1 , TMS320F28379S , TMS320R2811

 

  1.   Programming TMS320x28xx and TMS320x28xxx Peripherals in C/C++
    1.     Trademarks
    2. 1  Introduction
    3. 2  Traditional #define Approach
      1.      Example 1. Traditional #define Macros
      2.      Example 2. Accessing Registers Using #define Macros
    4. 3  Bit Field and Register-File Structure Approach
      1. 3.1 Defining A Register-File Structure
        1.       Example 3. SCI Register-File Structure Definition
        2.       Example 4. SCI Register-File Structure Variables
      2. 3.2 Using the DATA_SECTION Pragma to Map a Register-File Structure to Memory
        1.       Example 5. Assigning Variables to Data Sections
        2.       Example 6. Mapping Data Sections to Register Memory Locations
        3.       Example 7. Accessing a Member of the SCI Register-File Structure
      3. 3.3 Adding Bit-Field Definitions
        1.       Example 8. SCI Control Registers Defined Using Bit Fields
      4. 3.4 Using Unions
        1.       Example 9. Union Definition to Provide Access to Bit Fields and the Whole Register
        2.       Example 10. SCI Register-File Structure Using Unions
        3.       Example 11. Accessing Bit Fields in C/C++
    5. 4  Bit Field and Register-File Structure Advantages
    6. 5  Code Size and Performance Using Bit Fields
      1.      Example 12. TMS320x280x PCLKCR0 Bit-Field Definition
      2.      Example 13. Assembly Code Generated by Bit Field Accesses
      3.      Example 14. Optimization Using the .all Union Member
      4.      Example 15. Optimization Using a Shadow Register
    7. 6  Read-Modify-Write Considerations When Using Bit Fields
      1.      Example 16. A Few Read-Modify-Write Operations
      2. 6.1 Registers That Hardware Can Modify During Read-Modify-Write Operations
        1. 6.1.1 PIEIFRx Registers
          1.        Example 17. Clearing PIEIFRx (x = 1, 2...12) Registers
        2. 6.1.2 GPxDAT Registers
          1.        Example 18. Read-Modify-Write Effects on GPxDAT Registers
          2.        Example 19. Using GPxSET and GPxCLEAR Registers
      3. 6.2 Registers With Write 1-to-Clear Bits.
        1.       Example 20. Read-Modify-Write Operation Inadvertently Modifies Write 1-to-Clear Bits (TCR[TIF])
        2.       Example 21. Using a Shadow Register to Preserve Write 1-to-Clear Bits
      4. 6.3 Register Bits Requiring a Specific Value
        1.       Example 22. Watchdog Check Bits (WDCR[WDCHK])
      5. 6.4 Read-Modify-Write Sensitive Registers
    8. 7  Special Case Peripherals
      1. 7.1 eCAN Control Registers
        1.       Example 23. Invalid eCAN Control Register 16-Bit Write
        2.       Example 24. Using a Shadow Register to Force a 32-Bit Access
      2. 7.2 Byte Peripheral Registers
        1.       Example 25. Invalid Byte Peripheral Register Access
        2.       Example 26. Byte Peripheral Register Access Using “byte_peripheral” Attribute
    9. 8  C2000 Peripheral Driver Library Approach
      1. 8.1 Using the Peripheral Driver Library
        1.       Example 27. SCI-A Driverlib Function Prototype
          1.        Example 28. SCI-A Configuration Using the Driverlib
      2. 8.2 Construction of a Driver Library Function
        1.       Example 29. SCI Register Description Header File (hw_sci.h)
          1.        Example 30. SCI Function Implementation
      3. 8.3 Peripheral Driver Library Advantages
    10. 9  Code Size and Performance Using Driverlib
      1.      Example 31. Inlined ADC_readResult() Function Calls
      2.      Example 32. ADC Function Implementation to be Optimized
      3.      Example 33. Inlined ADC_setupSOC() Function Call
    11. 10 Comparing and Combining Approaches
      1.      Example 34. CPU Timer Bit-Field (Left) and Driverlib (Right) Disassembly Comparison
      2.      Example 35. ADC Bit-Field (Left) and Driverlib (Right) Disassembly Comparison
    12. 11 References
  2.   Revision History

Example 16. A Few Read-Modify-Write Operations

AND @Var, #0xFFFC ; Read 16-bit value "Var" ; AND the value with 0xFFFC ; Write the 16-bit result to "Var" ; ; OR @Var, #0x0010 ; Read 16-bit value "Var" ; OR the value with 0x0010 ; Write the 16-bit result to "Var" ; ; XOR @VarB, AL ; Read 16-bit value "Var" ; XOR with AL ; Write the 16-bit result to "Var" ; ; MOVB *+XAR2[0], AH.LSB ; Read 16-bit value pointed to by XAR2 ; Modify the least significant byte ; Write the 16-bit value back

With a full CPU pipeline, a C28x based device can complete one read-modify-write operation to zero wait-state SARAM every cycle. When accessing the peripheral registers or external memory, however, required wait states must be taken into account. In addition, the pipeline protection mechanism can further stall instructions in the CPU pipeline. This is described in more detail in Section 5 and in the TMS320C28x CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide (SPRU430).

Read-modify-write instructions usually have no ill side effects. It is important, however, to realize that read-modify-write instructions do not limit access to only specific bits in the register; these instructions write to all of the register's bits. In some cases, the read-modify-write sequence can cause unexpected results when bits are written to with the value originally read. Registers that are sensitive to read-modify-write instructions fall into three categories:

  • Registers with bits that hardware can change after the read, but before the write
  • Registers with write 1-to-clear bits
  • Registers that have bits that must be written with a value different from what the bits read back

Registers that fall into these three categories are typically found within older peripherals. To keep register compatibility, the register files have not been redesigned to avoid this issue. Newer peripherals, such as the ePWM, eCAP, and eQEP, however, have a register layout specifically designed to avoid these problems.

This section describes in detail the three categories in which read-modify-write operations should be used with care. In addition, an example of each type of register is given along with a suggested method for safely modifying that register. At the end of the section a list of read-modify-write sensitive registers is provided for reference.

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