The device has two protection features that limit the short circuit current when a CAN bus line has a short-circuit fault condition. The first protection feature is driver current limiting (both dominant and recessive states) and the second feature is TXD dominant state time out to prevent permanent higher short circuit current of the dominant state during a system fault. During CAN communication the bus switches between dominant and recessive states, therefore the short circuit current may be viewed either as the instantaneous current during each bus state or as an average current of the two states. For system current (power supply) and power considerations in the termination resistors and common-mode choke ratings, use the average short circuit current. Determine the ratio of dominant and recessive bits by the data in the CAN frame plus the following factors of the protocol and PHY that force either recessive or dominant at certain times:

• Control fields with set bits
• Bit stuffing
• Interframe space
• TXD dominant time out (fault case limiting)

These factors ensure a minimum recessive amount of time on the bus even if the data field contains a high percentage of dominant bits. The short circuit current of the bus depends on the ratio of recessive to dominant bits and their respective short circuit currents. Use Equation 2 to calculate the average short circuit current.

where

• I_OS(AVG) is the average short circuit current
• %Transmit is the percentage the node is transmitting CAN messages
• %Receive is the percentage the node is receiving CAN messages
• %REC_Bits is the percentage of recessive bits in the transmitted CAN messages
• %DOM_Bits is the percentage of dominant bits in the transmitted CAN messages
• I_{OS(SS)_REC} is the recessive steady state short circuit current
• I_{OS(SS)_DOM} is the dominant steady state short circuit current