When a load draws current through a long or thin wire, there is an IR drop that reduces the voltage delivered to the load. In the vehicle from the voltage regulator output V_OUT to V_BUS (input voltage of portable device), the total resistance of PCB trace, connector, and cable resistances causes an IR drop at the portable device input, so the charging current of most portable devices is less than their expected maximum charging current. The voltage drop is shown in Figure 10-8.

Figure 10-8 Voltage Drop

To handle this case, the TPS2586x-Q1 has a built-in cable compensation function where the droop compensation linearly increases the voltage at the SENSE pin of the TPS2586x-Q1 as load current increases, to maintain a fairly constant output voltage at the load-side voltage.

For the TPS2586x-Q1, the internal comparator compares the current-sense output voltage of the two current-limit switches and uses the larger current-sense output voltage to compensate for the line drop voltage. The cable compensation amplitude increases linearly as the load current increases. It also has an upper limitation. The cable compensation at output currents greater than 2.4 A is 90 mV and is shown in Figure 10-9. Note the cable compensation only works when you short the VSET to GND. For the other VSET configuration, the cable compensation is not available.

Figure 10-9 Dual Ports Cable Compensation