ZHCSWR5D September 2008 – August 2024 UCC25600
PRODUCTION DATA
8.1.1 工作原理
软开关功能、高效率和长保持时间使得该 LLC 谐振转换器非常适合数字电视、交流/直流适配器和计算机电源等许多应用。图 8-1 展示了该 LLC 谐振转换器的原理图。
图 8-1 LLC 谐振转换器LLC 谐振转换器基于串联谐振转换器 (SRC)。通过使用变压器的磁化电感，可在较宽的输入电压和负载范围内实现零电压开关。在多谐振作用下，即使开关频率高于或低于谐振频率时，也可以保持零电压开关。这简化了转换器设计，从而避免可能导致系统损坏的零电流开关区域。当转换器在标称输入电压下的工作频率接近其谐振频率时，可获得最佳效率。随着开关频率的降低，电压增益会显著增加。这样可使转换器的电压在输入电压下降时仍保持稳定。这些特性使得该转换器非常适合高压升压 PFC 预稳压器的输出操作，允许它在短暂的交流线路电压降低过程中保持电压稳定。
由于谐振转换器的性质，谐振组件上的所有电压和电流都近似为正弦波。LLC 谐振转换器的增益特性是根据一次谐波近似 (FHA) 进行分析的，这意味着所有电压和电流都被视为正弦波形，其频率与开关频率相同。
根据转换器的工作原理，可以将 LLC 谐振转换器简化为图 8-2 中所示的等效电路。
图 8-2 LLC 谐振转换器等效电路在该等效电路中，VGE 和 VOE 分别是由半桥产生的电压和变压器初级侧上电压的基波谐波。这些电压可以通过傅里叶分析来计算。负载电阻器 Re 是负载的等效电阻，其计算公式如下：
方程式 9. 
根据此等效电路，不同开关频率下的转换器增益可使用以下公式计算：
方程式 10. 
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